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All general-purpose Collection implementation classes (which typically implement Collection indirectly through one of its subinterfaces) should provide two "standard" constructors: a void (no arguments) constructor, which creates an empty collection, and a constructor with a single argument of type Collection, which creates a new collection with the same elements as its argument. In effect, the latter constructor allows the user to copy any collection, producing an equivalent collection of the desired implementation type. There is no way to enforce this convention (as interfaces cannot contain constructors) but all of the general-purpose Collection implementations in the SDK comply. ͨ¹ý Classifier4J ½øÐеÄ3¾ä»°×ܽáÈçÏ£º The root interface in the collection hierarchy. A collection represents a group of objects, known as its elements. All general-purpose Collection implementation classes (which typically implement Collection indirectly through one of its subinterfaces) should provide two "standard" constructors: a void (no arguments) constructor, which creates an empty collection, and a constructor with a single argument of type Collection, which creates a new collection with the same elements as its argument. ÀíÏë×´¿öÏ£¬ÕâÊÇÒ»¸ö²»´íµÄ¹¤¾ß£¬ÔÚ³¤Îı¾µÄÅÔ±ßÔö¼ÓÒ»¸öText SummaryµÄ°´Å¥£¬¿ÉÒÔ¿ìËÙ»ñµÃÎÄÕµÄÕªÒª£¬µÃµ½ÎÄÕµĹؼüÐÅÏ¢¡£»úÆ÷³ÌÐòÒ²¿ÉÒÔ¶Ô¶àƪÎÄÕ½øÐжÁÈ¡£¬È»ºóÀûÓô˹¤¾ß½øÐÐÕªÒª£¬È»ºóÊä³öΪrss£¬ß×£¬ÔõôÓÖÂä½ÅÔÚrssÁË...£º£© Ïà¹ØÐÅÏ¢£º LaughingMeme£º Text Summarization upwind @ 18:58 | Read More....... | Comments(1) | Trackback(0) 2003-08-07 17:55 MERLOT2003Äê»ñ½±Ãûµ¥ MERLOT (Multimedia Educational Resource for Learning and Online Teaching 2003Äê »ñ½±Ãûµ¥ ÈçÏ£º ÉúÎ The Protein Explorer by Eric Martz, University of Massachusetts ÉÌÒµ£º Managing the Digital Enterprise by Michael Rappa, North Carolina State University »¯Ñ§£º The Virtual Chemistry Laboratory by David Yaron, Carnegie Mellon ¹¤³Ì£º The Semiconductor Applet Service by Chu Ryang Wie, State University of New York , Buffalo ҽѧ£º Osteoporosis and Bone Physiology by Susan Ott, University of Washington ÀúÊ·£º Who Killed William Robinson? by John Lutz and Ruth Sandwell ÐÅÏ¢£º IP Addressing and Subnetting by Charles C. Botsford, LearntoSubnet Êýѧ£º Fibonacci Numbers and the Golden Section by Ron Knott, Surrey University ÒôÀÖ£º The Fugues of the Well-Tempered Clavier by Dr. Timothy A. Smith, Northern Arizona ÎïÀí£º Applets for Quantum Mechanics by Manual Joffre, Ecole Polytechnique ½Ìѧ£º The WebQuest Page by Bernie Dodge, San Diego State University ÓïÑÔ£º Kaleidoskop: Alltag in Deutschland by Wolfgang Hieber, Goethe Institut Inter-Nationes ÆäËû×ÊÔ´£º Stephen Downes ÌṩµÄ MERLOT conference RSS service upwind @ 17:55 | Read More....... | Comments(0) | Trackback(0) 2003-08-06 02:11 GoogleµÄвÙ×÷·û ¸ù¾Ý Google weblog µÄÏà¹Ø post £¬GoogleÔÚÆä¸ß¼¶ËÑË÷ÌØÐÔÖÐÒýÈëÁËеIJÙ×÷·û£¬Ê¹ÓÃÕâ¸ö²Ù×÷·û£¬ÔÚËÑË÷ij¸ö¹Ø¼ü´ÊµÄͬʱ£¬»¹¿ÉÒÔËÑË÷°üº¬ÆäͬÒâ´ÊµÄÍøÒ³£¬ÕâÎÞÒɽ«Ôںܴó³Ì¶ÈÉÏÀ©´óËÑË÷·¶Î§¡£¾ßÌå·½·¨ÊÇÔڹؼü´ÊÇ°¼ÓÉÏ¡°~¡±¼´¿É¡£Èç¡° browser ~help ¡±¡£ Andy Baio ¾Ý´ËÏëµ½ÁË ÔõÑù¿´³ögoogleÈçºÎÑ¡ÔñͬÒå´ÊµÄ·½·¨ £¬ºÜ¼òµ¥£¬ÔÚÑ¡ÔñËÑË÷¹Ø¼ü´ÊµÄͬÒå´ÊµÄͬʱ£¬ÔÙÑ¡Ôñ²»°üº¬Í¬Òå´Ê¡£ÀýÈç¡° ~help -help ¡±¡£ÒÔÏÂÊÇ Andy Baio ÌṩµÄͨ¹ý´Ë·½·¨ËÑË÷µÄͬÒå´Ê£º ~help -help = guide, manual, faq, support, tutorial, helping, tips, problems ~search -search = finder, listings, searcher, database ~blog -blog = log, weblog, blogger ~rss -rss = xml, rdf ~tivo -tivo = directv, replaytv, replay, pvr, video recorder ~idiot -idiot = stupid ~happy -happy = fun, happiness, lucky ~loser -loser = Beck ÓйØgoogle²Ù×÷·ûµÄÁ´½Ó£º 1£©googleµÄÊ®¸öËÑË÷²Ù×÷·û£º ten Google Search Operators 2£©googleµÄαËÑË÷²Ù×÷·û£º Make Google Search Simple with POGs -- In fact have a POG-fest upwind @ 02:11 | Read More....... | Comments(1) | Trackback(0) 2003-08-05 11:32 RSS·ç³± ×î½üÓÐÒ»ÖÖ°ÑÈκζ«Î÷¶¼×ª»»³ÉRSSµÄÇ÷ÊÆ£¬²»¾ÒâµØÓÖ·¢ÏÖÁ˼¸¸öRSS×ÊÔ´£º 1£©½« wired µÄËÑË÷ÄÚÈݱä³Érss ÔÚ sharpreader ÖÐÊäÈë ËÑË÷µØÖ· £¬¼´¿ÉÍê³ÉÔÚ wired ÖÐËÑË÷¹Ø¼ü´ÊµÄ¶©ÔÄ¡£Èç¹ûÒªËÑË÷ÆäËûÄÚÈÝ£¬½«ËÑË÷µØÖ·ÖС°weblog¡±»»×÷ÄãÏë²éѯµÄ¹Ø¼ü´Ê¼´¿É¡£ 2£©½« google news µÄËÑË÷ÄÚÈݱä³Érss ÔÚ sharpreader ÖÐÊäÈë ÒÔϵØÖ·£¬ ¼´¿ÉÍê³ÉÔÚ google news ÖÐËÑË÷¹Ø¼ü´ÊµÄ¶©ÔÄ¡£Èç¹ûÒªËÑË÷ÆäËûÄÚÈÝ£¬½«ÉÏÊöµØÖ·ÖС°blog¡±»»×÷ÄãÏë²éѯµÄ¹Ø¼ü´Ê¼´¿É¡£ 3£©½«ÇóÖ°ÐÅÏ¢±ä³Érss ÔÚ rssjobs ÉÏ×¢²áºó£¬¿ÉÒÔËÑË÷ÄãÐèÒªµÄÇóÖ°ÐÅÏ¢£¬×ª»»³Érssºó£¬ÔÚ sharpreader ÖнøÐж©ÔÄ¡£Õâ¸öÊǷdz£ÊµÓõŦÄÜ£¬ÔÙÎÞÐë±¼²¨ÓÚ¶à¸öÇóÖ°Õ¾µãÖ®¼äÁË¡£Ö»¿Éϧ¹úÄÚ»¹Ã»ÓдËÖÖÓ¦Óᣠupwind @ 11:32 | Read More....... | Comments(4) | Trackback(0) 2003-08-04 18:30 ÿÈÕblog¹ý³Ì Dave Pollard ¶ÔÓÚÒ»¸öbloggerÿÌìµÄblogging¹ý³Ì×öÁËÒ»¸ö×ܽᣬµ±È»ÄãûÓбØÒª°´ÕÕÆäÁ÷³Ì°´²¿¾Í°àµØÈ¥blogging£¬ÄǾͺÁÎÞÉúȤ¿ÉÑÔÁË¡£²»¹ý£¬¿´¿´±ðÈË×ܽáµÄ¶«Î÷»¹ÊǺÜÓвο¼¼ÛÖµµÄ¡£ upwind @ 18:30 | Read More....... | Comments(0) | Trackback(0) 2003-08-01 18:26 ñöÌýBLOGGER Chris Lydon ÔÚËûµÄblogÉÏÌṩÁËһЩÖøÃûbloggerµÄ̸»°Â¼Òô£¬±ÈÈçDave WinerµÄ ̸»°Â¼Òô £¬ÖµµÃ¾²ÏÂÐÄÀ´£¬Ï¸Ï¸ñöÌý¡£ upwind @ 18:26 | Read More....... | Comments(0) | Trackback(0) 2003-08-01 17:53 ¹ØÓÚÈËÉúÄ¿±ê ͬʱ¿´µ½Á½Æª¹ØÓÚÈËÉúÄ¿±êµÄÎÄÕ£º XPÀÏʦ µÄblogÖÐÒýÓñÏÊçÃôµÄСʫ£º ΪÈËÉúÈ·Á¢Ò»¸öÒâÒå ÈËÉúÊÇûÓÐÒâÒåµÄ µ«ÄãҪΪËüÈ·Á¢Ò»¸öÒâÒå ÈËÉúÒªÓÐÄ¿±ê Õâ¸öÄ¿±ê²»ÊÇËûÈËÇ¿¼Ó¸øÄãµÄ ²»ÊÇÄãµÄÀÏʦÄãµÄ¼Ò³¤»òÊDZ¨Ö½¿¯Îï¹àÊä¸øÄãµÄ ¶øÊÇÄã×Ô¼ºÎª×Ô¼ºÈ·Á¢ÏÂÀ´µÄ Ò»µ©È·Á¢ÁËÄ¿±ê Äã¾ÍÓÐÁËÓÉÖԵĶ¯Á¦ ÖªµÀÄãÄ¿Ç°µÄŬÁ¦¶¼Êdz¯ÏòÄãµÄÄ¿±ê ËüÔÚÔ¶·½Ðü¹Ò×Å£¬ÉÁ˸×Å£¬Ö¸Òý×ÅÄ㣬ÓÕ»ó×ÅÄã Äã¾Í¼È²»»áÓÐÒ»õí¶ø¾ÍµÄ»ÅÕÅ Ò²²»»áÓÐÔ¹ÌìÓÈÈ˵Ļްµ 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»áÒéÉϵÄÑݽ²ÖÐÌÖÂÛÁËÐÂÐÍÉçÇøµÄ¸¡ÏÖ¡£ÓÃËûµÄ»°³Æ×÷³¬·Ö²¼»¯ºÍ³¬±¾µØ»¯ÔÚÏßÉçÇø£¨super-distributed and super-localised online communities£©¡£³¬·Ö²¼»¯ÔÚÏßÉçÇøÊÇ»ùÓÚweblog¼¼ÊõºÍÏÖÏó£¬ÔÚbloggerÖ®¼ä¸¡ÏÖµÄÐéÄâÉçÇø£¬ÒòΪweblog»ùÓÚ¸öÈ˵ÄÊéдºÍά»¤£¬ËùÒÔÕâ¸öÉçÇø²¢²»Ïó´«Í³µÄBBSÄÇÑùÓÐÒ»¸ö¹«¹²µÄÔÚÏ߿ռ䣬¶øÊÇͨ¹ýweblogÒ³ÃæÉϵÄÆÀÂÛ£¨comment£©¡¢»ØÀ¡£¨trackback£©¡¢blogrolling¡¢²Î¿¼Õ¾µã¸ú×Ù¡¢ÒÔ¼°»á¾ÛÕ¾µã£¨Èç daypop £¬ blogdex £©ºÍ¾ÛºÏ¹¤¾ß£¨Èç sharpreader £¬ rssbandit £©À´ÌåÏÖ¡£ ¹ØÓÚ³¬±¾µØ»¯ÔÚÏßÉçÇø£¬×÷ÕßÓÃÁË upmystreet µÄÀý×ÓÀ´×ö˵Ã÷¡£½«ÒÔÍùÔÚÏßÐËȤС×éµÄ¼¼ÊõÓ¦ÓÃÔÚ±¾µØÉçÇø£¬ÔÙ¼ÓÉÏwifiµÈ¼¼ÊõµÄÓ¦Óã¬Ò»¸ö³¬±¾µØ»¯µÄÔÚÏßÉçÇø¾Í¸¡ÏÖ³öÀ´¡£ÕâÖÖÔÚÏßÉçÇø¿ÉÒÔ³öÏÖÔÚÈκνÖÇø¡¢»áÒéÌü¡¢¿§·ÈÌü¡¢»ú³¡¡¢Í¼Êé¹ÝµÈÈËÃǾۼ¯µÄµØ·½£¬ÔÚ´«Í³µÄÃæ¶ÔÃæ½»Á÷µÄ±³ºó£¬ÈËÃÇÓÖ¶àÁËÒ»ÖÖÔÚÏß½»Á÷µÄ·½Ê½£¬ÕâÊÇÒ»ÖÖеÄģʽ£¬ÓÐȤµÄÊÇÇ°¼¸Ììblog¿Õ¼äµÄÈÈÃÅ»°Ìâ lecture hall back-channeling ÕýÊǶÔÕâÖÖ³¬±¾µØ»¯ÔÚÏßÉçÇøÏÖÏó×öÁËÐÎÏóµÄ²ûÊö¡£ Tom Coates µÄÑݽ²»ÃµÆƬ¼û´Ë£º What's next: Superdistributed and Superlocalised communities upwind @ 18:31 | Read More....... | Comments(0) | Trackback(0) 2003-07-29 01:13 ELEARNING×ÊÔ´ Jay Cross ÍƼöµÄ ELEARNING×ÊÔ´ £º Edu_RSS (syndication) from Stephen Downes elearningpost , Maish Nichani's daily digest Learning Circuits & blog , wisdom collected by ASTD Elearning Centre , from Jane Knight in the UK Stephen Downes keeps tabs daily & also an archive elearnspace , educator George Siemens is encyclopedic eLearning Guru , Kevin Kruse has a cornucopia of resources Training Watch , a newcomer but lookin' good CLO , now a monthly magazine LineZine , astute but inactive Learnativity , Marcia Conner and Wayne Hodgins Big Dog , a great overview from Don Clark CIO , the IT magazine eLearn , from the IEEE upwind @ 01:13 | Read More....... | Comments(0) | Trackback(0) 2003-07-28 18:43 ½ÌÓý¼¼Êõ°Ù¿Æ ÎÒ²»ÊÇѧ½ÌÓý¼¼ÊõµÄ£¬µ«¶ÔÓÚѧϰ±¾ÉíºÍÓëѧϰÏà¹ØµÄ¼¼Êõ¡¢¹¤¾ß¡¢²ÄÁϵȷdz£ÓÐÐËȤ£¬ÎÞ·ÇÏëʹ×Ô¼º¸ü¼ÓÓÐЧÂʵؽøÐÐѧϰ¡£ËùÒÔ£¬ ½ÌÓý¼¼Êõ°Ù¿Æ 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smarter¡±£¬ËùÒÔ±ðС¿´ÕâЩDUMMY²ÄÁÏ£¬ÕýÊÇÕâЩ²ÄÁÏÔÚһשһÍßµØÐγɺñʵµÄ»ù´¡¡£ upwind @ 19:32 | Read More....... | Comments(0) | Trackback(0) 2003-07-25 18:53 ÎҵıÈÌØÉúÑÄ ÓÉ΢ÈíµÄ Gordon Bell µÈÈ˽øÐеÄÏîÄ¿ MyLifeBits £¬ÊÔͼ½«¸öÈËÉúÑĵķ½·½ÃæÃæÓÃÊý×Ö·½Ê½¼Ç¼ÏÂÀ´£¬ºÃÏñÒÔÇ°ISAAC½éÉܹý¡£ Á½¸öÏà¹ØÑÝʾ£º 1£©Jim Gemmell's MyLifeBits talk given at a number of universities, Oct 2002 PowerPoint (2.4 MB) 2£©Gordon Bell's talk, given at BayCHI, on 11 February 2003 at PARC , Palo Alto (4.8 MByte PPT) and U.S. Naval Post Graduate School, Monterey on 6 February 2003. upwind @ 18:53 | Read More....... | Comments(0) | Trackback(0) 2003-07-24 16:39 ElearningµÄÈ«¾°Í¼ George Siemens ÔÚËûµÄÐÂÉè¼ÆµÄÍøÕ¾ elearnspace website ÖÐÊÔͼÊÕ¼¯¡¢ÕûÀíºÍ×éÖ¯¹ØÓÚelearningµÄ¸÷ÖÖ×ÊÁÏ£¬Ï£ÍûÄܹ»¶ÔelearningÓиöÈ«ÃæµÄÁ˽âºÍÕÆÎÕ¡£ÏÂͼ¾ÍÊÇËû¶ÔelearningµÄ×ÊÔ´½øÐÐÕûÀíºóÐγɵÄÈ«¾°Í¼£¬¶ÔÆäµÄ½âÊÍ¿É¿´ËûµÄÎÄÕ The Whole Picture of Elearning ¡£ ÎÄÕÂÖÐ̸µ½ÒªÔÚ×éÖ¯ÄÚʵʩ³É¹¦µÄElearning¿ÉÒԲο¼¡°È«¾°Í¼¡±Ä£Ð͵ķ½·¨£¬±È½ÏÖØÒªµÄÒòËØ°üÀ¨ÒÔϼ¸¸ö·½Ã棺 Starting £ºoverview (benefits/negatives, what is elearning), beginning (converting to online, integrating technology with teaching), and readiness (organizational, learner, and instructor). Enabling£ºThe Enabling stage refers to the teaching and learning technologies used to make any aspect of the learning design, development, and delivery process more efficient. Wikis, blogs, authoring tools, collaboration/groupware tools, social software, are considerations at this level. Doing £ºAt this level, the content is being created, delivered and learning is being assessed. Evaluating £ºEvaluation, in this model, refers to the actual elearning program, not the learners. The elearning initiative is evaluated against the standards defined as important during strategic planning stage. Managing £ºThe Managing stage represents the challenges in managing, organizing, and sustaining an elearning initiative. Resources£º The final category of the elearning model is focused on Resources . Developing technologies (in general ¨C for example EAI ) may impact elearning, and awareness of these is important. upwind @ 16:39 | Read More....... | Comments(0) | Trackback(0) 2003-07-22 18:37 joi ito̸¼¼ÊõÇ÷ÊÆ joi ito ÔÚËûµÄÎÄÕ Thoughts on micro-content, metadata and trends ÖÐ̸µ½Á˶ÔÓÚ΢ÄÚÈÝ¡¢ÔªÊý¾ÝºÍ¼¼ÊõÇ÷ÊƵÄһЩÏë·¨£¬¿ÉÒԲο¼¡£ Ëû̸µ½µÄ¼¼ÊõÇ÷ÊÆÈçÏ£º 1£©¹ØÁªÎı¾½«È¡´ú£¨µ¥Ïò£©ÄÚÈÝ£¨Context instead of content £© ͨ¹ýÉÌÒµ»¯ÊÖ¶ÎÖÆ×÷µÄÄÚÈݲúÆ·½«±»¶¯Ì¬µÄ»ò¹ØÁªÎı¾ËùÈ¡´ú¡£ joi ito ¾ÙÁËCD¡¢KaraokeºÍÒƶ¯¶ÌÐŵĶԱȡ£CDÊÇÍêÈ«µ¥ÏòµÄÄÚÈÝ·þÎñ£¬KaraokeÔò¾ßÓн»»¥ÐÔ£¬Äã²ÎÓëÁËÄÚÈݵIJúÉú¹ý³Ì£¬¶øÊÖ»ú¶ÌÐÅÔòÍêÈ«ÓÉÄãÀ´´´½¨ÄÚÈÝ¡£CDÊÇÍêÈ«°æȨ±£»¤£¬KaraokeÔòÊDz¿·Ö°æȨ±£»¤£¬¶øÊÖ»ú¶ÌÐÅÔò¼¸ºõûÓаæȨ±£»¤¡£ÓÉÊÖ»ú¶ÌÐÅËù´ú±íµÄ΢Îı¾Ó봫ͳµÄÉÌÒµ»¯µÄÄÚÈݲúÆ·±È½ÏÔ½À´Ô½ÊÕµ½»¶Ó¡£ 2£©ÍøÂ绯µÄÏû·Ñµç×Ó²úÆ·¶ÔÓÚ´«Í³PC»úµÄÒÀÀµÔ½À´Ô½Ð¡£¨Networked consumer electronics devices will make PCs less relevant £© Ô½À´Ô½¶àµÄÏû·Ñµç×Ó²úÆ·¿ÉÒÔÖ±½ÓÁ¬½Óµ½»¥ÁªÍøÉϽøÐÐÄÚÈݵĽ»»»£¬¶øÎÞÐëÒÀÀµÓÚ´«Í³µÄPC»ú¡£ 3£©Î¢ÄÚÈݺÍÔªÊý¾ÝµÄеĿª·Å±ê×¼£¨New open standards for micro-content and metadata£© ÓÃÓÚ´´½¨¡¢·¢²¼¡¢Í¬²½¡¢ä¯ÀÀ¡¢Ìýȡ΢ÄÚÈݵĿª·Å±ê×¼ÕýÔÚÈ«ÃæÕ¹¿ª£¬ÕâЩ±ê×¼Ëæ×ÅweblogµÄ¹ã·ºÓ¦ÓöøÁ÷ÐÐÆðÀ´£¬¶øÇÒÕâЩ±ê×¼»áÖð½¥Ö§³Ö¸÷ÖÖÏû·Ñµç×Ó²úÆ·£¬ÓÃÓÚ¶Ô΢ÄÚÈݵķ¢²¼ºÍä¯ÀÀ¡£ 4£©¶àýÌ壨Multimedia £© Ëæ×Å¿í´øµÄ¹ã·ºÓ¦ÓÃÒÔ¼°¼ÆËã»úÐÔÄܵÄÌá¸ß£¬»ùÓÚÎı¾µÄ΢ÄÚÈݺÍÔªÊý¾Ý½«Öð½¥À©Õ¹µ½¶àýÌåµÄ΢ÄÚÈݺÍÔªÊý¾Ý£¬¶øÈçºÎ´ÓͼƬºÍÓïÒôÖÐÌáÈ¡ÔªÊý¾Ý±äµÃ·Ç³£ÖØÒª¡£ Ëû̸µ½µÄ¹Ø¼ü¼¼Êõ°üÀ¨£º 1£©ÔÚ±£»¤Òþ˽µÄͬʱ£¬¶ÔÓÚ¸öÈËÉí·Ýʶ±ðµÄ½¨Á¢ºÍ¹ÜÀí¡£ 2£©»ùÓÚÅóÓѺÍÐÅÈεÄÍøÂçµÄ½¨Á¢ºÍ¹ÜÀí¡£ 3£©¶ÔÓÚÔªÊý¾ÝµÄËÑË÷£¬½¨Á¢ÔªÊý¾ÝµÄ¹ØÁªÎı¾¡£ 4£©ÎªÎ¢ÄÚÈݵķ¢²¼ºÍä¯ÀÀÌṩÉè¼ÆºÍ½Ó¿Ú¡£ 5£©ÄÚÈÝ´®ÁªµÄ±ê×¼ºÍ¼¼Êõ¡£ 6£©Ö§³ÖλÖÃÐÅÏ¢ºÍÒƶ¯ÐÔµÄÍøÂç½á¹¹ 7£©Ëæ×Å΢ÄÚÈݵÄÔö´ó£¬Ö§³ÖÒƶ¯ºÍ¹²Ïí΢ÄÚÈݵļ¼Êõ¡£ 8£©Äܹ»Óë΢ÄÚÈݺÍÏÖʵÊÀ½ç£¨ÈçÕÕƬ´òÓ¡¡¢¹ºÂòÎïÆ·¡¢ÓëÈËÁªÏµµÈ£©½øÐн»»¥µÄWeb·þÎñ¡£ ËûÌáµ½µÄÇ°ÑØÓ¦ÓðüÀ¨£º ÓïÒôBLOG ( Audblog ), Ö§³ÖλÖÃÐÅÏ¢µÄÒƶ¯Í¼Æ¬BLOG ( Tokyo Tidbits ), ÍøÒ³ÖеĸöÈ˼°ÅóÓÑÐÅÏ¢ ( FOAF ), ÔÊÐí΢ÄÚÈݾۺϺ͹²ÏíµÄ»úÆ÷¿É¶ÁµÄ°æȨÐÅÏ¢ ( Creative Commons ), ǶÈëBLOGGING¹¤¾ßµÄAmazonͼÊéÐÅÏ¢ºÍ³ÉÔ±ÐÅÏ¢ ( TypePad ), E-mailºÍ΢ÄÚÈÝ´®ÁªÐÅÏ¢µÄ»á¾Û ( Newsgator ), »ùÓÚ¹ØÁªÎı¾µÄ΢ÄÚÈÝËÑË÷ ( Technorati ) upwind @ 18:37 | Read More....... | Comments(1) | Trackback(0) 2003-07-21 01:20 »áÒéWIKI Joi ito ÔÚËûµÄ WIKI ÉÏÔö¼ÓÁËÒ»¸ö Ò³Ãæ £¬ÓÃÀ´Îª¼Æ»®²Î¼ÓºÍ±È½Ï¹Ø×¢µÄ»áÒé¸ü¼Ó¿ª·ÅµØ×¼±¸²ÄÁÏ£¬°üÀ¨»áÒéµÄÈճ̰²ÅÅ£¬Ñݽ²ÕßµÄÐÅÏ¢£¬Ñݽ²ÕßÒÔÇ°×ö¹ýµÄÑÝʾ£¬ÔÚ»áÒéÉÏ¿ÉÄܽøÐеķ¢ÑÔ£¬ÒÔ¼°¶ÔÓÚ»áÒéËùÒªÌá³öµÄÎÊÌâ¡£WIKIÔÚÕâ·½ÃæºÜÓÐÓÅÊÆ£¬ÆäʵÔÚÕâ֮ǰÓиöºÜºÃµÄÀý×Ó£¬ Brian Lamb , D'Arcy Norman , ÒÔ¼° Alan Levine ΪLOVCOP teleconference £¨ [Learning Objects Virtual Community of Practice] £©×¼±¸ÁËÒ»¸öWIKIÒ³Ã棺 Object Learning:TheFuss £¬ÌÖÂÛÁ˹ØÓÚRSSµÄ·½·½ÃæÃ棬°üÀ¨×ÊÔ´¡¢½Ì³Ì¡¢ÐÅÏ¢µÈµÈ£¬³ä·ÖչʾÁËWIKIÔÚÕûÀí˼·¡¢»ã¾ÛÐÅÏ¢¡¢¼¤·¢Áé¸Ð·½ÃæµÄ¿ÉÈ¡Ö®´¦¡£ Ïëµ½ÁËSOCIAL SOFTWAREµÄÎÊÌ⣬´ÓÖ±¹ÛÉÏ¿´À´£¬WEBLOGͨ¹ýCOMMENTºÍTRACKBACKÀ´ÌåÏÖÆäÉç»áÐÔ¹¦ÄÜ£¬¶øWIKIÔòͨ¹ýÈκÎÈ˶ÔÒ³ÃæµÄ±à¼À´ÌåÏÖÆäÉç»áÐÔ¹¦ÄÜ¡£ upwind @ 01:20 | Read More....... | Comments(0) | Trackback(0) 2003-07-18 23:59 ÎÄÕª£ºA Group Is Its Own Worst Enemy ×î½ü¿´µ½µÄ¼¸ÆªÎÄÕ¶¼ÊǹØÓÚsocial softwareµÄ£¬ÏÂÃæµÄÄÚÈÝÕª×ÔSHIRKYµÄÎÄÕ£º A Group Is Its Own Worst Enemy ...(What is social software?)It's software that supports group interaction. ...Prior to the Internet, the last technology that had any real effect on the way people sat down and talked together was the table ... and I'm publishing something with Comments Off and reaching a million users a month, that's really broadcast. ... weblogs are not necessarily social, although they can support social patterns. ... Groups are a run-time effect. You cannot specify in advance what the group will do, and so you can't substantiate in software everything you expect to have happen. ...that humans are fundamentally individual, and also fundamentally social. Every one of us has a kind of rational decision-making mind where we can assess what's going on and make decisions and act on them. And we are all also able to enter viscerally into emotional bonds with other groups of people that transcend the intellectual aspects of the individual. the intellectual aspects of the individual. ... So groups can be analyzed both as collections of individuals and having this kind of emotive group experience. ...If you were in a coffee shop and said "This is boring," you'd walk out. You're sitting at a party, you decide "I don't like this; I don't want to be here." And then you don't leave. That kind of social stickiness is what Bion is talking about. ... So even if someone isn't really your enemy, identifying them as an enemy can cause a pleasant sense of group cohesion. And groups often gravitate towards members who are the most paranoid and make them leaders, because those are the people who are best at identifying external enemies. I'd say, if you are going to create a piece of social software designed to support large groups, you have to accept three things, and design for four things. Three Things to Accept 1.) Of the things you have to accept, the first is that you cannot completely separate technical and social issues. 2.) The second thing you have to accept: Members are different than users. 3.) The third thing you need to accept: The core group has rights that trump individual rights in some situations. Four Things to Design For 1.) If you were going to build a piece of social software to support large and long-lived groups, what would you design for? The first thing you would design for is handles the user can invest in. 2.) Second, you have to design a way for there to be members in good standing. Have to design some way in which good works get recognized. The minimal way is, posts appear with identity. You can do more sophisticated things like having formal karma or "member since." 3.) Three, you need barriers to participation. This is one of the things that killed Usenet. You have to have some cost to either join or participate, if not at the lowest level, then at higher levels. There needs to be some kind of segmentation of capabilities. 4.) And, finally, you have to find a way to spare the group from scale. upwind @ 23:59 | Read More....... | Comments(0) | Trackback(0) 2003-07-17 13:34 ¾ªÆæÓïÑԼƻ®£¨Surprise Language Project£© ×÷ΪÓÉDARPA(ÃÀ¹ú¹ú·À²¿¹ú·À¸ß¼¶Ñо¿¼Æ»®Êð)ÔÞÖúµÄSurprise Language Project£¨¾ªÆæÓïÑԼƻ®£©µÄÒ»²¿·Ö£¬À´×ÔÃÀ¹ú¼°Ó¢¹úµÄ12¸öÑо¿ÍŶӣ¨11¸öÔÚÃÀ¹ú£¬Ò»¸öÔÚÓ¢¹ú£©µÄÏà¹ØÈËÔ±±»ÒªÇóÔÚÒ»¸öÔµÄʱ¼äÄÚ½¨Á¢HINDI(Ò»ÖÖÔÚÓ¡¶È±±²¿Ê¹ÓõÄÓ¡µØÓï)ºÍÓ¢ÓïÖ®¼äµÄ»úÆ÷·Òëϵͳ¡£¾ªÆæÓïÑԼƻ®µÄÄ¿µÄ¾ÍÊǶԴÓδ»òºÜÉÙʹÓõÄÓïÑÔ½¨Á¢¿ìËٵĻúÆ÷·Òëϵͳ¡£ÕâÏîÑо¿ÓкÜÉîÔ¶µÄÕ½ÂÔÒâÒ壬ÃÀ¹úÔÚ½üÄê°çÑݵġ°ÊÀ½ç¾¯²ì¡±µÄ½ÇÉ«£¬Ê¹ÆäÒª²åÊÖÓÚÐí¶àÈȵã»òÕßÆäÈÏΪÍþвµ½ËûÀûÒæµÄËùν¡°¿Ö²ÀµØÇø¡±µÄÊÂÎñ£¬¶øµ±µØµÄÇ鱨ÐÅÏ¢£¬°üÀ¨ÀúÊ·¡¢µØÀí¡¢¾üÊ¡¢Éç»á×´¿ö¡¢ÎÄ»¯ÐÄÀíµÈµÈÐÅÏ¢¶¼»áͨ¹ýµ±µØµÄÓïÑÔ´«µÝ³öÀ´£¬ÈçºÎ¿ìËÙ»ñÈ¡ÕâЩÐÅÏ¢£¬¾ÍÐèÒªÕâÑùµÄ»úÆ÷·Òëϵͳ¡£ 29Ììºó£¬Ò»¸öÒÔ»úÆ÷·ÒëΪºËÐĵÄÓ¡µØÓïÐÅÏ¢´¦Àíϵͳ³ÊÏÖ³öÀ´¡£ÓëÒÔÍùµØ»úÆ÷·Ò벻ͬ£¬ÏµÍ³ÄÚ²¢Ã»ÓÐÖ±½Ó½¨Á¢Á½ÖÖÓïÑÔ´ÊÌõ¼äµÄ¶ÔÓ¦¹Øϵ£¬¶øÊÇÏÈÊÕ¼¯ÁËÐí¶àͬÀàµÄÎı¾ºÍ×ÊÁÏÒÔ¼°ËûÃǵÄÓ¢ÎÄÒëÎÄ£¬È»ºóʹÓÃijÖÖͳ¼ÆÄ£Ð͵ķ½·¨£¬ÊÔͼ·¢ÏÖ¶ÔÓ¦ÓÚij¸ö´ÊÌõ¡¢¾äʽµÄ×îÊʺϵĽâÊÍ¡£ÔÚ»úÆ÷·ÒëµÄ»ù´¡ÉÏ£¬ËÑË÷¡¢¹éÀà¡¢¿ÉÊÓ»¯¹¤¾ß¶¼±»ÕûºÏµ½ÁËÕâ¸öϵͳÖС£¿É½øÐжàÎĵµËÑË÷£¬½¨Á¢Ö÷±êÌ⣬ÒÔͼʾµÄ·½·¨±íʾÎĵµµÄÏà¹Ø³Ì¶È£¬ÎÄÕÂÖгöÏֵĵØÃû¿ÉÒÔÔÚÏàÓ¦µÄµØͼÉϱê¼Ç³öÀ´¡£ÈçÏÂͼËùʾ£º Ïà¹Ø×ÊÔ´£º USC Researchers Build Machine Translation System -- and More -- For Hindi in Less Than a Month Pick a Language, Any Language upwind @ 13:34 | Read More....... | Comments(0) | Trackback(0) 2003-07-16 18:51 ÐÅÏ¢¿ÉÊÓ»¯£¨Ðø£© ¼ÌÐøÉÏһƪµÄ»°Ì⣬ÎÄÖÐÌáµ½µÄһЩ¹ØÓÚÐÅÏ¢¿ÉÊÓ»¯µÄÍøÕ¾ÈçÏ£º 1£© Antarctica's Visual Net ½«ÔÚÏßĿ¼µÄ·ÖÀà×÷ΪÒÔ¡°¹ú¼Ò¡±£¬Æä¹úÍÁÃæ»ýµÄ´óС×÷Ϊijһ¸ö·ÖÀàÏÂÊôÍøÕ¾¶àÉٵıíʾ£¬ÖØÒªµÄÍøÕ¾ÒÔ¡°³ÇÊС±µÄÐÎʽ×÷ΪÐéÄâµÄµØ±ê¡£Ê¾ÒâͼÈçÏ£º 2£© Plumb Design Visual Thesaurus Visual ThesaurusÊÇÒ»ÖÖ¿ÉÊÓ»¯µÄ´Êµä£¬ÓÃÀ´½ÒʾӢÎÄ´Ê»ãÖ®¼äµÄÏ໥¹Øϵ¡£ÄãÔÚÆäÍøÕ¾ÉϾͿÉÒÔÊÔÓ㬺ÜÓÐÒâ˼¡£ 3£© Inxight's Star Tree ¸ü¶àÑÝʾ£º Star Tree Demos Table Lens Demos 4£© Grokker GrokkerÌṩÁËÒ»ÖÖ´´ÐµĽçÃ棬Óò»Í¬ÑÕÉ«ºÍ´óСµÄÔ²À´±íʾÖ÷Ì⡢Ŀ¼֮¼äµÄ¹Øϵ£¬ÆäÍøÕ¾ÉÏÓкܶàÑÝʾ£¬·Ç³£²»´í¡£ ¸ü¶àÆÁÄ»½Øͼ £»ÑÝʾ£º Demonstrations £»ÏÂÔØ£º Download upwind @ 18:51 | Read More....... | Comments(0) | Trackback(0) 2003-07-15 23:54 ÐÅÏ¢¿ÉÊÓ»¯ ÔÚ economist µÄÕâƪÎÄÕ Grokking the infoviz ÖÐÌÖÂÛÁËÐÅÏ¢¿ÉÊÓ»¯ÎÊÌâ¡£ÐÅÏ¢¿ÉÊÓ»¯ÊÇΪÁ˽«Êý¾ÝÒÔͼÐεط½Ê½±íÏÖ³öÀ´£¬µ«¸üÖØÒªµØÊÇҪѰÕÒÒþ²ØÔÚÊý¾Ý±³ºóµÄ¶àÖÖģʽ¡£Ëæ׿ÆËã»ú´¦ÀíÄÜÁ¦µÄÔöÇ¿£¬ÐÅÏ¢¿ÉÊÓ»¯Ò²Öð½¥³ÉΪÖ÷Á÷¡£¶øÇÒËæ×ÅXML¡¢ÓïÒåÍøµÄÓ¦Ó㬹淶»¯¡¢½á¹¹»¯¡¢¿É±»»úÆ÷Àí½âµÄÊý¾ÝÔ½À´Ô½Æձ飬Õâ¾ÍΪ´Ó¶àÖÖÐÅÏ¢Ô´ÌáÈ¡Êý¾Ý£¬´Ó¶øÉú³É¿ÉÊÓ»¯µÄͼÐÎÌṩÁËÁ¼ºÃµÄ»ù´¡¡£ÎÒÖ®ËùÒÔ¶ÔÐÅÏ¢¿ÉÊÓ»¯¸ÐÐËȤ£¬ÊÇÎҸоõ½«Êý¾ÝͼÐλ¯µÄ¹ý³ÌÖУ¬¿ÉÒÔ·¢ÏÖһЩеĶ«Î÷£¬Êý¾ÝÖ®¼äµÄ¶È¡¢Î¬¡¢¾àÀë¡¢ÏòÁ¿¡¢Ïà¹ØÁªµÈ¸÷ÖÖ¹Øϵ¿ÉÒÔ¸üºÃµØ±íÏÖ³öÀ´£¬Èç¹ûֻȥ¿´¿ÝÔïµÄÊý¾Ý±í£¬Äã¿ÉÄÜÎÞ·¨Á˽âÊý¾ÝËùÓбí´ïµÄÕæÕýº¬Òå¡£ ÎÄÕÂÖÐÁоÙÁËһЩÐÅÏ¢¿ÉÊÓ»¯µÄÀý×Ó£¬»¹ÓдýÈÏÕæÈ¥¿´Ò»Ï£¨´ýÐø£©¡£ ÏÂͼΪÎÄÕÂÖÐÒýÓõÄÐÅÏ¢¿ÉÊÓ»¯µÄͼÀý£º upwind @ 23:54 | Read More....... | Comments(0) | Trackback(0) 2003-07-15 01:11 ÍøÕ¾Á´½ÓʾÒâͼ Óà linkviewer À´·ÖÎöÍøÕ¾µÄÁ´½ÓÇé¿ö£¬¿ÉÒÔ¿ìËÙÉú³ÉÁ´½ÓʾÒâͼ¡£ ÏÂÔØÒ³Ã棺 DOWNLOADS upwind @ 01:11 | Read More....... | Comments(0) | Trackback(0) 2003-07-11 18:57 Äã¶Ô×Ô¼ºµÄÉíÌåÁ˽â¶àÉÙ£¿ ÎÞÂÛ´ÓÐÄÀíºÍÉúÀíÉÏ˵£¬ÎÒÃÇÍùÍù¶Ô×ÔÉíÁ˽âÉõÉÙ¡£BBCÌṩµÄÕâ¸ö½»»¥Ê½µÄѧϰÍøÒ³ Human Body ¿ÉÒÔ°ïÖúÎÒÃǶÔ×Ô¼ºµÄÉíÌåÓиüºÃµÄÁ˽⣬ÁíÒ»¸öÍøÒ³ The Mind ¿ÉÒÔ¶ÔÎÒÃǵÄÐÄÀí¡¢Ë¼Î¬¡¢ÖÇÁ¦ÓÐËùÁ˽⣬ÆäÖаüº¬ÁËÐí¶àͼƬ¡¢FLASHÒÔ¼°ÓÎϷʽµÄ²âÊÔÎÊ´ð£¬ÊÇÒ»¸öÖÆ×÷µÃ²»´íµÃѧϰ×ÊÔ´¡£ Ïëµ½ÁËISAACÌáµ½µÄ×÷Ϊ¹ËÎʵÄÕë¾ÄѧԺµÄblogϵͳ£ Acumox £¬ÆäÖаüº¬ÁËÐí¶àÀÏʦºÍѧÉúµÄBLOG£¬ÎÒ¶ÔÕë¾ÄÒ»Çϲ»Í¨£¬Ò²´ÓÀ´Ã»Óб»Õë¾Ä¹ý£¬¿ÉÊÇÎÒ¾³£È¥¿´ËûÃǵÄblog¡£ÕâÖÖ½»²æѧ¿ÆµÄºÏ×÷¿ÉÄܸüÈÝÒ×¼¤·¢³öһЩ´´ÐµĶ«Î÷¡£ÎÒÏ룬Èç¹ûÕë¶ÔÕë¾Ä½ÌѧҲÄÜÖÆ×÷ÈçÉÏËùʾµÄ½»»¥Ê½µÄ½Ìѧ¿Î¼þ£¬ÎÞÂÛ¶ÔÓÚÕë¾ÄµÄ½ÌÓëѧ£¬ÒÔ¼°Õë¾ÄµÄÍƹãÀ´Ëµ¶¼»á·Ç³£Óкô¦µÄ¡£ upwind @ 18:57 | Read More....... | Comments(0) | Trackback(0) 2003-07-10 18:38 I-Know 03 I-KNOW 03 ÊÇÔÚ°Ä´óÀûÑÇÕÙ¿ªµÄ¹ØÓÚ֪ʶ¹ÜÀíµÄ¹ú¼Ê»áÒ飬ÔÚ Mathemagenic É϶ԻáÒé×öÁËһЩ½éÉÜ¡£ÔÚ J.UCS ÉÏÊÕ¼¯ÁËÔÚ´Ë»áÒéÉÏ·¢±íµÄһЩÂÛÎÄ£¬½éÉÜÁË֪ʶ¹ÜÀíÁìÓòµÄÈȵãÎÊÌâ¡£ J.UCS Special Issue: I-Know 03 - 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